First evidence for the presence of PAH (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) molecules in the early universe (they are the basis of organic molecules and DNA, and are among the most stable carbon compounds)
Complex elements and molecules are formed. And with these, the planets.
Only a handful of chemical elements and compounds exist in the Universe, probably on the order of a dozen. Plate tectonics and the presence of water on terrestrial planets (probably on the order of billions or trillions in galaxies like the Milky Way) will expand
Large galaxies are formed; the background temperature of the universe is around 15K
The pressure can no longer hold the weight of gravity and atomic matter begins to precipitate into accumulations of dark matter: the first stars are born.
Stars and galaxies are formed.
End of the cosmic fog: the Universe becomes transparent; the temperature drops below 2000C; the gas is no longer ionized; the atoms become neutral; the era of radiation ends and the era of matter begins.
The speed of sound decreases significantly, and some vortices begin to spin supersonically. This creates shock waves and irregular regions where the material that will form galaxies can accumulate. In turbulent environments, the rotation speed of a vortex is proportional to the cube root of
Atoms are formed; the background temperature of the universe is around 3000K
The inflationary episode ends: in just 10^-32s the universe has expanded by a factor of 10^60; the temperature has quickly (and euphemismically) reached 10^27K (a thousand trillion trillion degrees), enough to create all 10^50 tons of matter in the visible universe.
The inflationary episode inflates our bubble; today, after 13 billion years, our bubble has reached a size of approximately 10^10 000 000 000 km, while the observable universe is “only” 10^23 km wide; there could be 10^500 different types of stable low-energy bubbles like ours
An inflationary episode begins: scalar fields prevail over gravity
Big Bang: an explosion of approximately 10^72 joules (give or take a joule). The date is estimated to be within +/- 110 million years. Before the Big Bang, the universe was completely empty, cold, and dark, but there was at least one speck of space