An Italian team led by Marco Peresani of the University of Ferrara published an article in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, providing evidence of Neanderthal hunting of various bird species, as well as the use, processing, and modification of bird bones for non-food purposes. The birds in question are ravens, vultures (bearded vulture, cinereous vulture), and golden eagles. The evidence comes from finds in the Riparo Fumane cave. The following year, Clyve Finlayson also published an article linking Neanderthals to birds of prey and ravens, based on finds in the Neanderthal caves of Gibraltar: Gorham and Vanguard.
