Frank Wilzek of MIT proves the existence of “anyons,” a third realm of elementary particles, in addition to “fermions” and “bosons.” Anyons are only two-dimensional and form at very low temperatures. They are actually quasi-particles, meaning they have the properties of particles but can only be observed as collective behavior with other fermion or boson particles. Their peculiarity is that their orbits take several revolutions to recover their original state, making them ideal as memory components for quantum computers; this attracts investment from Microsoft.
