USSR. Isayev Bureau (KhimMash). Founded in 1943 in Podlipki, west of Moscow, it was later renamed OKB-2, and then KhimMash in 1966. It is led by Alexei Isayev. Its engines are used in small propulsion systems, maneuvering systems, and attitude guidance. The KVD-1 is the first hydrogen-powered engine and is designed to brake the final stage of the N-1 rocket for use in lunar vehicles. For example: KTDU-414 for interplanetary probes, KTDU-1 for the Vostok spacecraft, KTDU-53 for the Zond spacecraft, KRD-61 for the Luna 16 spacecraft, KTDU-35 for the Soyuz spacecraft, KVD-1 for the lunar program, and KVD-1M for the Indian GSLV rocket.
