TsUP, Korolev (formerly Kaliningrad). Tsentr Upravleniye Polyotami, the mission control center, is the TsUP in Kaliningrad, later renamed Korolev by Yeltsin on July 8, 1996. It is located just west of Star Town. The Korolev OKB-1 was built in Kaliningrad as early as 1946. The design bureaus of Energiya, Strela, and Zvezda would later be located here. Until 1973, Mission Control was in Yevpatoria, Crimea. Then, for the Apollo-Soyuz missions, the TsUP was created. The ISS was controlled from the TsUP until February 2001, when control passed to Houston. It returned to Moscow only immediately after the attacks of September 11, 2001, and because of the passage of Hurricanes Lili and Rita over Houston. Mission Control for several military missions is located in Golitsyno, just west of Moscow, with others in Kurilovo (SW of Moscow) and Noginsk. Until 2006, Russia also had a powerful fleet of Tracking Ships.
