The OKB-1 Design Bureau is founded in the Soviet Union. It is the original design bureau of Sergei Korolev, a giant of cosmonautics, who designed the R-7, Vostok, Voskhod, Soyuz, N-1, and Zenit systems. Korolev always designed ICBMs with space missions in mind. He wasn’t a great innovator or designer, but he knew how to surround himself with talented engineers. After Korolev’s death, it became NPO Energiya in 1966. In 1989, it was split into two divisions: RKK Energiya and NPO Energomash. The excessive number of competing design bureaus in the USSR became a problem. They are: OKB-1 (TsSKB, later NPO Energia) Korolev. R-7, Vostok, Voskhod, Soyuz, N-1, and Zenit. NPO Energomas (OKB-456) Glushko. RD1/2/3/4/700 of R-7, Proton, Zenith, Energyia, Atlas. Kosberg Bureau (KBKhA). Upper stages of the R-7 and Proton. Isayev Bureau (KhimMash) (OKB-2) Isayev. Probe motors. Kuznetsov Bureau (OKB-276). NK-33 engines of the N-1. Khrunichev Design Bureau (OKB-52) Chelomei. Proton, Angara, Rockot, Salyut NPO Lavochkin (OKB-301) Babakin. Lunokhod, Venera. NPO Yuzhnoye (OKB-586) Yangel. Tsyklon, Zenith, Antares rockets.
