Modena. Azzo VIII is expelled by a conspiracy of the extrinsic families (the families expelled from Modena). Ghiberto da Correggio, Guelph lord and tyrant of Parma, leads the revolt and expels Azzo VIII from Reggio. Thus, the Respublica mutinensis is born, amidst a climate of euphoria and celebration. From 1308, the Campionesi brothers return to work on the Ghirlandina tower, adding the spire and garlands. During this period, the pedra ringadora is also placed in the Piazza Grande. Modena is inhabited by 16,000 commoners, 1,500 magnates, and 13,000 foreigners, for a total of just over thirty thousand inhabitants.
