{"id":621162,"date":"2026-01-18T20:43:16","date_gmt":"2026-01-18T19:43:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cronologia-universale.it\/1866\/"},"modified":"2026-01-18T20:43:16","modified_gmt":"2026-01-18T19:43:16","slug":"1861-11","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cronologia-universale.it\/en\/1861-11\/","title":{"rendered":"1861"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>American Civil War: The conflict, perhaps for the first time since the French Revolution, approaches the absolute concept of war. The North&#8217;s task is daunting: to conquer the entire enemy territory\u2014eight times the size of Italy, five times the size of France, or France, Germany, England, and Spain combined. The ratio of men under arms will be only about 1.5:1 throughout the conflict, when Clausevitz estimates at least 2.0\u20132.5:1 as the minimum ratio for a reasonable chance of victory. The Confederacy&#8217;s advantage is precisely its backwardness and lack of strategic centers: it must be conquered in its entirety. The front extends for more than 3,500 kilometers.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>American Civil War: The conflict, perhaps for the first time since the French Revolution, approaches&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-621162","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ev-en"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>1861 - Cronologia Universale<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cronologia-universale.it\/en\/1861-11\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"1861 - 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