{"id":619894,"date":"2026-01-18T20:00:13","date_gmt":"2026-01-18T19:00:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cronologia-universale.it\/october-16-1813-3\/"},"modified":"2026-01-18T20:00:13","modified_gmt":"2026-01-18T19:00:13","slug":"1805-8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cronologia-universale.it\/en\/1805-8\/","title":{"rendered":"1805"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Paris. Bernard Curtois succeeded his father, who had been imprisoned for debt, as head of the saltpeter (potassium or sodium nitrate) factory, used at the time to produce gunpowder for Napoleon&#8217;s army. Saltpeter was originally produced from wood ash, but Curtois later switched to seaweed. By studying and analyzing the corrosion of copper tanks when sulfuric acid was added to the soda, iodine was isolated, thanks to Joseph-Louis Gay Lussac and Humphry Davy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Paris. Bernard Curtois succeeded his father, who had been imprisoned for debt, as head of&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[43],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-619894","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vg-en"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>1805 - Cronologia Universale<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cronologia-universale.it\/en\/1805-8\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"1805 - Cronologia Universale\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Paris. 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