{"id":617130,"date":"2026-01-18T18:25:58","date_gmt":"2026-01-18T17:25:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cronologia-universale.it\/march-4-1162\/"},"modified":"2026-01-18T18:25:58","modified_gmt":"2026-01-18T17:25:58","slug":"early-12th-century","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cronologia-universale.it\/en\/early-12th-century\/","title":{"rendered":"early 12th century"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Northern Italy. Italian cities have a reputation for being rebellious and resistant to imperial rule (the Holy Roman Empire). The situation is most acute in Lombardy, and the heart of the problem for Frederick Barbarossa lies in Milan, one of the largest cities in the West, with over 50,000 inhabitants, whereas most major Western European cities have populations of around 10,000.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Northern Italy. Italian cities have a reputation for being rebellious and resistant to imperial rule&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[43],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-617130","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vg-en"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>early 12th century - Cronologia Universale<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cronologia-universale.it\/en\/early-12th-century\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"early 12th century - Cronologia Universale\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Northern Italy. 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